“Jeannette Rankin addresses a D.C. crowd just before her swearing in.” April 2, 1917. Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division.

The Sheppard-Towner Act

The enfranchisement of women elevated “women’s issues” in politics immediately. The first major piece of legislation passed in the wake of women’s suffrage was the Promotion of the Welfare and Hygiene of Maternity and Infancy Act (the Sheppard-Towner Act), providing new forms of health care for mothers and their children. Proposed by Representative Jeanette Rankin, the first woman elected to Congress, the legislation provided federal funding for maternity care, expanded funding for health education, and provided for translation of nutrition information into several languages. While Congress did not renew its funding after 1929, many of its programs were eventually codified in the Social Security Act of 1935.

The Sheppard-Towner Act